Yrd. Do\u00e7.Dr. Onur Noyan, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7lerde \u00f6zenti ile ba\u015flayan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailelerin ancak 2 y\u0131l sonra fark edebildiklerini s\u00f6yledi.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fta Alkol, sigara olmak \u00fczere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n asl\u0131nda tedavisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Yrd. Do\u00e7.Dr. Onur Noyan, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7lerde \u00f6zenti ile ba\u015flayan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailelerin ancak 2 y\u0131l sonra fark edebildiklerini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc madde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi NP\u0130STANBUL N\u00f6ropsikiyatri Hastanesi AMATEM Birimi’nden Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Onur Noyan, madde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 ki\u015filerin mant\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etme \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybettiklerini s\u00f6yledi. Yrd.Do\u00e7. Dr. Noyan, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n

Tekrarlayan bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r!<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBa\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ki\u015finin irade eksikli\u011fi, ki\u015filik bozuklu\u011fu sebebiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir durum de\u011fildir. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k zarar verici sonu\u00e7lara ra\u011fmen, zorlant\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde madde\/alkol kullanma ile karakterize uzun soluklu ve tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Madde kullanan ki\u015filerin mant\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etme yetileri bozulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k, uzun zamanda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 etkileyen bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Beynin temel \u2018haz’ maddesi olan \u2018dopamin’in dengesinin bozulmas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Beynin \u00f6d\u00fcl ve ceza merkezinde yap\u0131sal bozukluklar meydana gelmesi ile ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan bireyler anl\u0131k olarak alacaklar\u0131 hazza odaklanmakta, uzun d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek zararlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirememektedir. Bu durumu k\u0131saca \u2018gelecek k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz.\u201d<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrekli solaryuma girmek de ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece madde ve alkol kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmamak gerekli, son d\u00f6nemlerde tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f bozukluklar\u0131 ile giden kumar, internet, dijital Oyun, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, cinsellik, egzersiz, solaryum, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6d\u00fcl sistemini uyaran yineleyici ve kompulsif davran\u0131\u015f \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ile ilerleyen durumlar davran\u0131\u015fsal ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar alt\u0131nda incelenmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k nas\u0131l olu\u015fuyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ki\u015filerin genellikle ilk denemelerini merak nedeniyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirten Yrd. Do\u00e7.Dr. Noyan, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011fa giden s\u00fcreci \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cKimse ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek madde kullanmaya ba\u015flamaz. Belirli risk fakt\u00f6rleri zemininde temelde \u2018merak’ duygusu ile ilk deneme yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde hem merak hem de korku vard\u0131r. Merak duygusunun a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktada \u2018bir kereden hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmaz’ d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile madde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Korkunun yenilmesi, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k fitilini ate\u015flemi\u015ftir. Art\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc ba\u015flar. Sonra birka\u00e7 deneme daha olur. Maddenin \u2018keyif verici’ etkileri deneyimlenir. K\u0131sa d\u00f6nemde bir zarar\u0131n\u0131 hissetmez. \u2018Bu son kullan\u0131m\u0131m’ diyerek kullan\u0131mlar s\u0131kla\u015f\u0131r. \u2018Bir daha asla kullanmayaca\u011f\u0131m’ \u015feklindeki s\u00f6ylemler hep \u2018son’ kullan\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hep \u2018bu son’ denir ama bu sonlar hi\u00e7 bitmez!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ama o son kullan\u0131mlar hi\u00e7 gelmez. Ben ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011filim, kendimi kontrol ediyorum dendi\u011fi anda, madde aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131, daha y\u00fcksek dozda madde ihtiyac\u0131 ile art\u0131k \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k’ ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, i\u015f i\u015ften ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u2018Gelecek k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r art\u0131k. Uzun bir s\u00fcre sonra ki\u015fi maddenin zararlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar. Fakat maddeden al\u0131nan keyif, ki\u015finin alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.’ Maddeyi b\u0131rakma arzusu ve bunu becerebilece\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 inanc\u0131 kaybolur ve ki\u015fi kendisini g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz hissetmektedir. \u2018Bu meret b\u0131rak\u0131lmaz ki\u2018 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile kullan\u0131m artarak devam eder.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde alg\u0131lanan zararlar artarsa ki\u015fide madde kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kurtulma iste\u011fi do\u011fabilir. Maddeyi b\u0131rakma iste\u011fi maddeyi alma hissinden daha kuvvetli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ki\u015finin bu a\u015famada desteklenmesi ve umut verilmesi onun “becerebilirim” inanc\u0131n\u0131 destekler. Sonunda bir s\u00fcre b\u0131rak\u0131r. Olumsuz durumlar unutulur. Keyif verici etkileri akl\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ki\u015finin kendine g\u00fcveni gelir. \u2018Ben kendimi kontrol edebiliyorum, bir kereden bir \u015fey olmaz’ d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile paragraf\u0131n ilk c\u00fcmlesine geri d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcr. K\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcye tekrar girilir. \u201c<\/p>\n

Merakla ba\u015fl\u0131yor, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Davran\u0131\u015fsal ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n temelinde yineleyici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Yrd. Do\u00e7.Dr. Onur Noyan, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n

\u201cBireylere haz veren davran\u0131\u015flara devam edilmesi halinde bu bir s\u00fcre sonra al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k durumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Belirli bir davran\u0131\u015fla fazla u\u011fra\u015fma ki\u015finin ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyadan uzakla\u015fmas\u0131na, kendisini iyi hissettirmesine neden olurken, bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yinelenmesini beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 tekrarlamas\u0131 ile ki\u015fi davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 zamanla kontrol etmede zorluk, tekrar\u0131 engellenince gerginlik, \u00f6fke, huzursuzluk gibi yoksunluk bulgular\u0131 ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bireylerin i\u015flevselli\u011fi bozan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n giderek artan bir \u015fiddette s\u00fcrmesi ile i\u015flevselli\u011fin bozulmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBa\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k tedavisi olan bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla m\u00fccadele \u00f6ncelikle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na engel olmakla ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015ftuktan sonra tedavi s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, maddelerin v\u00fccuttan temizlenmesi, ki\u015fide ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, maddenin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, madde kullanmaman\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, tekrar ba\u015flaman\u0131n engellenmesi ve rehabilitasyon k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ergenlik en riskli d\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/p>\n

En etkili olunabilen a\u015fama, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 maddeleri kullanmaya ba\u015flaman\u0131n engellenmesi ve madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki rehabilitasyon s\u00fcrecidir. \u00dclkemizde son d\u00f6nemde \u00f6nleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nem kazanmakta ve t\u00fcm kesimler \u00e7aba sarfetmektedir. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 madde kullanma ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 15’e kadar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ergenlik en riskli d\u00f6nemdir. Ergenlerin risk alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek olursak ailelere ve ergenlere verilecek e\u011fitimler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ba\u015flad\u0131ktan yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 sene sonra aileler ancak haberdar olmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu \u00e7ok uzun bir zaman dilimi.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde rehabilitasyon s\u00fcreci etkili yap\u0131lam\u0131yor!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 madde ilk kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kullanan ergen zararlar\u0131, etkileri hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilmedi\u011finden kendisini koruma ihtiyac\u0131 hissetmemektedir. Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k e\u011fitimleri ile bu d\u00f6nemde koruma sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k fark\u0131na var\u0131ld\u0131, tedavi edildi. Sonras\u0131nda tekrar ba\u015flamamak i\u00e7in rehabilitasyon s\u00fcreci gereklidir. \u00dclkemizde rehabilitasyon s\u00fcreci maalesef \u00e7ok etkin yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla m\u00fccadelede rehabilitasyon s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in uzun soluklu sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeliyiz.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yrd….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1526,1581],"tags":[431,432,176],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/705"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=705"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/705\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coolkadin.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}